See sao on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to speak; to talk",
"word": "agsao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to say; to express",
"word": "isao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "speaker",
"word": "kasao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to speak; to talk; to converse",
"word": "makisao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to speak; to utter",
"word": "saoen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "rumor; hearsay; idle talk",
"word": "sao-sao"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "phi-pro",
"3": "*sahuq",
"4": "",
"5": "words, speech"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine *sahuq (“words, speech”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Philippine *sahuq (“words, speech”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "ilo-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sa‧o"
],
"lang": "Ilocano",
"lang_code": "ilo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"id": "en-sao-ilo-noun-BfthetVD",
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ilo",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "ilo:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 98 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ilocano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 95 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ilocano terms without Kur-itan script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 91 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ilocano terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 14 5 5 5 22 0 2 1 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 1 25 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 0 5 5 5 5 10 1 1 4 0 0 0 4 0 1 1 1 24 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 19 0 5 11 11 11 7 1 2 7 0 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Ilocano language",
"text": "Iniiloko a sao",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"id": "en-sao-ilo-noun-pO8wS6Qq",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) language"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"id": "en-sao-ilo-noun-mMHrTuk0",
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "さお"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 14 5 5 5 22 0 2 1 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 1 25 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of さお"
],
"id": "en-sao-ja-romanization-pku0q3pA",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"さお",
"さお#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"notr": "1"
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "cmn-pinyin"
}
],
"lang": "Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sāo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 19 0 5 11 11 11 7 1 2 7 0 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of sāo."
],
"id": "en-sao-cmn-romanization-vKCJt3V~",
"links": [
[
"sāo",
"sāo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sǎo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 19 0 5 11 11 11 7 1 2 7 0 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of sǎo."
],
"id": "en-sao-cmn-romanization-ws~eNYu1",
"links": [
[
"sǎo",
"sǎo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sào"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 19 0 5 11 11 11 7 1 2 7 0 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of sào."
],
"id": "en-sao-cmn-romanization-u7qwK1Kt",
"links": [
[
"sào",
"sào#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*sauq"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sauq",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pam",
"2": "sau"
},
"expansion": "Kapampangan sau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsg",
"2": "sāw"
},
"expansion": "Tausug sāw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sauh"
},
"expansion": "Malay sauh",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "sawo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sawo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sauq. Compare Kapampangan sau, Tausug sāw, and Malay sauh. Doublet of sawo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saó",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜐᜂ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "saó",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "saó (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜂ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "nautical"
},
"expansion": "(nautical)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sa‧o"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "tl",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "tl:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 14 5 5 5 22 0 2 1 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 1 25 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mooring cable or chains; cable for mooring ships to the pier when at anchor"
],
"id": "en-sao-tl-noun-ME51qbvN",
"links": [
[
"mooring",
"mooring"
],
[
"cable",
"cable"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
],
[
"moor",
"moor"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"pier",
"pier"
],
[
"anchor",
"anchor"
]
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/saˈʔo/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[sɐˈʔo]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-o"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "牢"
},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*C-r- > /ʂ/"
},
"expansion": "*C-r- > /ʂ/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢"
},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nAttested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 牢 (MC law) (modern SV: lao), so the older form of the word was *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). Even after the sound change *C-r- > /ʂ/ had taken place sometime before 17th century, the use of the phonogram 牢 (MC law) continued, so this morpheme was still commonly spelled such in Nôm texts in the 19th-early 20th century.\nMost likely a part of the r-series of demonstratives alongside rày, ri, rứa and ru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "哰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫳵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "vi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Place"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "attributive1n-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ninìnày"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nầynây"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nấy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nớ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nọ(nó)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nào"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nominal2đ-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "đây"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "đấy(ấy)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "—"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "đó"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "đâu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Mannerr-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rirày"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rứa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rusao3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Extent 14b-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bây"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bấy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Extent 25v-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vầy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vậy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "being used attributively",
"word": "1 Originally can only follow a nominal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "this place; here",
"word": "hence nơi này"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "where; no longer completely true in the modern language",
"word": "nơi nào. 2 Can be used on its own"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "where; no longer completely true in the modern language",
"word": "is itself nominal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "here",
"word": "hence đây"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "where; this much; where *C is nonspecific consonant",
"word": "đâu. 3 From earlier *C-raːw. 4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu ()"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "that much",
"word": "bấy nhiêu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "how much; this fast",
"word": "bao nhiêu. 5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy ()"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "that fast/so fast",
"word": "nhanh vậy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Northern-Southern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kia(cơ)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kìa(cờ)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Central"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tê"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tề"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "6 Originally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something is visible and"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "or verifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "often in reduced forms cơ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cờ: [t]ừ đấy về tới Hà Nội"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!",
"taxonomic": "Ba ngày luân lạc",
"word": "còn những ba cái cầu nữa cơ mà! ()"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Why did he say he wouldn’t come?",
"text": "Sao nó bảo không đến?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "19th century, Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Tale of Lục Vân Tiên\n公浪昆篤𠖈詩牢空結伴麻𠫾𠓨塲\nCông rằng: \"Con dốc xuống thi,Sao không kết bạn mà đi vào trường?\"\nCông said: \"You are here to take the examination,So why don't you find some companion to go along with?\"",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"why"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-adv-K-I8WF8V",
"links": [
[
"why",
"why"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "răng"
},
{
"word": "tại sao"
},
{
"word": "vì sao"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 27 0 3 2 30 6 12 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How should I know?",
"text": "Sao tao biết được?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How did you do that?",
"text": "Sao làm được hay vậy?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Not caring about one's siblings,\nNor knowing how one's children are.",
"ref": "14th century, Mạc Đĩnh Chi, Giáo tử phú 敎子賦:",
"roman": "Chị em chẳng thấy,\nCon cái hay sao.",
"text": "姉㛪庄𧡊\n𡥵丐能𣋀",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "How could I manage when I'm on my own?",
"ref": "15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “述興 Thuật hứng 2”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):",
"roman": "Có thân thì cóc khá làm sao.",
"text": "固身𪰛谷可𬈋牢",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-adv-gESq4fho",
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "răng"
},
{
"word": "làm sao"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Sao?\nSao trăng gì !?\nWut?\nThe hell you mean, \"wut\"?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what; what is it; what now"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-adv-ihG~DBWU",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"what is it",
"what is it"
],
[
"now",
"now"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "làm sao"
},
{
"word": "gì"
},
{
"word": "cái gì"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whatever / Anything will do.",
"text": "Sao cũng được.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"whatever"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-adv-hXOPj5p~",
"links": [
[
"whatever",
"whatever"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "牢"
},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*C-r- > /ʂ/"
},
"expansion": "*C-r- > /ʂ/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢"
},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nAttested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 牢 (MC law) (modern SV: lao), so the older form of the word was *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). Even after the sound change *C-r- > /ʂ/ had taken place sometime before 17th century, the use of the phonogram 牢 (MC law) continued, so this morpheme was still commonly spelled such in Nôm texts in the 19th-early 20th century.\nMost likely a part of the r-series of demonstratives alongside rày, ri, rứa and ru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "哰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫳵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "không sao"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is it very bad?",
"text": "Có sao lắm không?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "No problem.",
"text": "Không sao đâu.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"problematic, bad"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-adj-8ngdWH2-",
"links": [
[
"problematic",
"problematic"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raːw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raːw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khao"
},
"expansion": "Muong khao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "qfa-tak",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kra-Dai",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "map",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Austronesian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tai-pro",
"2": "*t.naːwᴬ",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-lic-pro",
"2": "*ɾaːw",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*qajaw",
"3": "",
"4": "day"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "en",
"3": "star",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from English star",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-raːw. Cognate with Muong khao. Might represent a Kra-Dai or Austronesian substratum, compare Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”), Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”) and Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”).\nAttested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nIt is a semantic loan from English star, in the senses of “celebrity; actor”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vì",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "ngôi",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "𣇟",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬁖",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖"
},
"expansion": "sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖",
"cls": "vì, ngôi"
},
"expansion": "(classifier vì, ngôi) sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"star (luminous celestial body)"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-noun-LRAd6gLL",
"links": [
[
"star",
"star#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 14 3 0 6 4 28 10 10 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 27 0 3 2 30 6 12 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 41 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by ngôi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 41 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by vì",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an \"asterisked\" math problem (marked with an asterisk); a difficult math problem",
"text": "toán sao",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"asterisk"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-noun-6ItYJ0OZ",
"links": [
[
"asterisk",
"asterisk#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Northeastern",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "thao"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raːw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raːw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khao"
},
"expansion": "Muong khao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "qfa-tak",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kra-Dai",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "map",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Austronesian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tai-pro",
"2": "*t.naːwᴬ",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-lic-pro",
"2": "*ɾaːw",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*qajaw",
"3": "",
"4": "day"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "en",
"3": "star",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from English star",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-raːw. Cognate with Muong khao. Might represent a Kra-Dai or Austronesian substratum, compare Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”), Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”) and Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”).\nAttested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nIt is a semantic loan from English star, in the senses of “celebrity; actor”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ngôi",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "𣇟",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬁖",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖"
},
"expansion": "sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖",
"cls": "ngôi"
},
"expansion": "(classifier ngôi) sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tinh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chòm sao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dấu sao"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao băng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao chổi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Diêm Vương"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Hải Vương"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Hoả"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Hôm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Kim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Mai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Mộc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao mới"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Rua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao siêu mới"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Thiên Vương"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Thổ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Thuỷ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao Tua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sao xẹt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "siêu sao"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"star (celebrity)"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-noun-btQDTyfj",
"links": [
[
"star",
"star#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 6 27 0 3 2 30 6 12 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"star (actor)"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-noun-NH4nlyFR",
"links": [
[
"star",
"star#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Northeastern",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "thao"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "抄"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "抄"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 抄",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 抄.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to duplicate; to copy"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-verb-RvwetAir",
"links": [
[
"duplicate",
"duplicate"
],
[
"copy",
"copy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely used in isolation) to duplicate; to copy"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used in isolation"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "sao chép"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "炒"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "炒"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 炒",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 炒.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to dry with heat in a pan"
],
"id": "en-sao-vi-verb-UhXvB6tI",
"links": [
[
"dry",
"dry"
],
[
"pan",
"pan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly of medical ingredients) to dry with heat in a pan"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of medical ingredients"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mqs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "masao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "asao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "isao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "isao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mqs",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"name": "mqs-conj"
}
],
"lang": "West Makian",
"lang_code": "mqs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 14 5 5 5 22 0 2 1 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 1 25 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 0 12 7 7 7 18 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 19 0 5 11 11 11 7 1 2 7 0 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burn"
],
"id": "en-sao-mqs-verb-rR54mkCl",
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to burn"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to roast (over fire)"
],
"id": "en-sao-mqs-verb-PVM5SGKW",
"links": [
[
"roast",
"roast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to roast (over fire)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈs̪a.o/"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Ryukyuan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kzg",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Kikai: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kikai: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xug",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Kunigami: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kunigami: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ryn",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Northern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Okinawan: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "okn",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Okinoerabu: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Okinoerabu: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ams",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "so, sō"
},
"expansion": "Southern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (so, sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (so, sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkn",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sau"
},
"expansion": "Tokunoshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tokunoshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yox",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Yoron: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yoron: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Ryukyuan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mvi",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sau, sō"
},
"expansion": "Miyako: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau, sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Miyako: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau, sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rys",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Yaeyama: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yaeyama: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yoi",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sū"
},
"expansion": "Yonaguni: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yonaguni: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sū)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*sawo",
"4": "",
"5": "pole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *sawo (“pole”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Japonic *sawo (“pole”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*sao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/sao",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Ryukyuan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole"
],
"id": "en-sao-jpx-ryu-pro-noun-uUJa~eH1",
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ilocano entries with incorrect language header",
"Ilocano lemmas",
"Ilocano nouns",
"Ilocano terms derived from Proto-Philippine",
"Ilocano terms inherited from Proto-Philippine",
"Ilocano terms without Kur-itan script",
"Ilocano terms without pronunciation template",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to speak; to talk",
"word": "agsao"
},
{
"english": "to say; to express",
"word": "isao"
},
{
"english": "speaker",
"word": "kasao"
},
{
"english": "to speak; to talk; to converse",
"word": "makisao"
},
{
"english": "to speak; to utter",
"word": "saoen"
},
{
"english": "rumor; hearsay; idle talk",
"word": "sao-sao"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ilo",
"2": "phi-pro",
"3": "*sahuq",
"4": "",
"5": "words, speech"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine *sahuq (“words, speech”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Philippine *sahuq (“words, speech”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "ilo-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sa‧o"
],
"lang": "Ilocano",
"lang_code": "ilo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ilocano terms with usage examples",
"ilo:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Ilocano language",
"text": "Iniiloko a sao",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"language"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) language"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "さお"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of さお"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"さお",
"さお#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hanyu Pinyin",
"Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"Mandarin non-lemma forms",
"Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"notr": "1"
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "cmn-pinyin"
}
],
"lang": "Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sāo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of sāo."
],
"links": [
[
"sāo",
"sāo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sǎo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of sǎo."
],
"links": [
[
"sǎo",
"sǎo#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sào"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of sào."
],
"links": [
[
"sào",
"sào#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Ryukyuan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kzg",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Kikai: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kikai: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xug",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Kunigami: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kunigami: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ryn",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Northern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Okinawan: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "okn",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Okinoerabu: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Okinoerabu: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ams",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "so, sō"
},
"expansion": "Southern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (so, sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Amami Ōshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (so, sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkn",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sau"
},
"expansion": "Tokunoshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tokunoshima: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yox",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Yoron: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yoron: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Ryukyuan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mvi",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sau, sō"
},
"expansion": "Miyako: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau, sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Miyako: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sau, sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rys",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sō"
},
"expansion": "Yaeyama: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yaeyama: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yoi",
"2": "竿",
"3": "棹",
"4": "桿",
"tr3": "sū"
},
"expansion": "Yonaguni: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yonaguni: 竿, 棹, 桿 (sū)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*sawo",
"4": "",
"5": "pole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *sawo (“pole”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Japonic *sawo (“pole”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*sao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/sao",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Ryukyuan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Ryukyuan lemmas",
"Proto-Ryukyuan nouns",
"Proto-Ryukyuan terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Proto-Ryukyuan terms inherited from Proto-Japonic"
],
"glosses": [
"pole"
],
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*sauq"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sauq",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pam",
"2": "sau"
},
"expansion": "Kapampangan sau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsg",
"2": "sāw"
},
"expansion": "Tausug sāw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sauh"
},
"expansion": "Malay sauh",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "sawo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of sawo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sauq. Compare Kapampangan sau, Tausug sāw, and Malay sauh. Doublet of sawo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saó",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜐᜂ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "saó",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "saó (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜂ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "nautical"
},
"expansion": "(nautical)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sa‧o"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/o",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/o/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog doublets",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"tl:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"mooring cable or chains; cable for mooring ships to the pier when at anchor"
],
"links": [
[
"mooring",
"mooring"
],
[
"cable",
"cable"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
],
[
"moor",
"moor"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"pier",
"pier"
],
[
"anchor",
"anchor"
]
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/saˈʔo/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[sɐˈʔo]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-o"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adverbs",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "牢"
},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*C-r- > /ʂ/"
},
"expansion": "*C-r- > /ʂ/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢"
},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nAttested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 牢 (MC law) (modern SV: lao), so the older form of the word was *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). Even after the sound change *C-r- > /ʂ/ had taken place sometime before 17th century, the use of the phonogram 牢 (MC law) continued, so this morpheme was still commonly spelled such in Nôm texts in the 19th-early 20th century.\nMost likely a part of the r-series of demonstratives alongside rày, ri, rứa and ru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "哰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫳵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "vi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "Place"
},
{
"word": "attributive1n-"
},
{
"word": "ninìnày"
},
{
"word": "nầynây"
},
{
"word": "nấy"
},
{
"word": "nớ"
},
{
"word": "nọ(nó)"
},
{
"word": "nào"
},
{
"word": "nominal2đ-"
},
{
"word": "đây"
},
{
"word": "đấy(ấy)"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "đó"
},
{
"word": "đâu"
},
{
"word": "Mannerr-"
},
{
"word": "rirày"
},
{
"word": "rứa"
},
{
"word": "rusao3"
},
{
"word": "Extent 14b-"
},
{
"word": "bây"
},
{
"word": "bấy"
},
{
"word": "bao"
},
{
"word": "Extent 25v-"
},
{
"word": "vầy"
},
{
"word": "vậy"
},
{
"english": "being used attributively",
"word": "1 Originally can only follow a nominal"
},
{
"english": "this place; here",
"word": "hence nơi này"
},
{
"english": "where; no longer completely true in the modern language",
"word": "nơi nào. 2 Can be used on its own"
},
{
"english": "where; no longer completely true in the modern language",
"word": "is itself nominal"
},
{
"english": "here",
"word": "hence đây"
},
{
"english": "where; this much; where *C is nonspecific consonant",
"word": "đâu. 3 From earlier *C-raːw. 4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu ()"
},
{
"english": "that much",
"word": "bấy nhiêu"
},
{
"english": "how much; this fast",
"word": "bao nhiêu. 5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy ()"
},
{
"english": "that fast/so fast",
"word": "nhanh vậy"
},
{
"word": "Northern-Southern"
},
{
"word": "kia(cơ)"
},
{
"word": "kìa(cờ)"
},
{
"word": "Central"
},
{
"word": "tê"
},
{
"word": "tề"
},
{
"word": "6 Originally"
},
{
"word": "these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something is visible and"
},
{
"word": "or verifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles"
},
{
"word": "often in reduced forms cơ"
},
{
"word": "cờ: [t]ừ đấy về tới Hà Nội"
},
{
"english": "From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!",
"taxonomic": "Ba ngày luân lạc",
"word": "còn những ba cái cầu nữa cơ mà! ()"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Why did he say he wouldn’t come?",
"text": "Sao nó bảo không đến?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "19th century, Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Tale of Lục Vân Tiên\n公浪昆篤𠖈詩牢空結伴麻𠫾𠓨塲\nCông rằng: \"Con dốc xuống thi,Sao không kết bạn mà đi vào trường?\"\nCông said: \"You are here to take the examination,So why don't you find some companion to go along with?\"",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"why"
],
"links": [
[
"why",
"why"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "răng"
},
{
"word": "tại sao"
},
{
"word": "vì sao"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"Vietnamese terms with quotations",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How should I know?",
"text": "Sao tao biết được?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How did you do that?",
"text": "Sao làm được hay vậy?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Not caring about one's siblings,\nNor knowing how one's children are.",
"ref": "14th century, Mạc Đĩnh Chi, Giáo tử phú 敎子賦:",
"roman": "Chị em chẳng thấy,\nCon cái hay sao.",
"text": "姉㛪庄𧡊\n𡥵丐能𣋀",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "How could I manage when I'm on my own?",
"ref": "15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “述興 Thuật hứng 2”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):",
"roman": "Có thân thì cóc khá làm sao.",
"text": "固身𪰛谷可𬈋牢",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how"
],
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "răng"
},
{
"word": "làm sao"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Sao?\nSao trăng gì !?\nWut?\nThe hell you mean, \"wut\"?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what; what is it; what now"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"what is it",
"what is it"
],
[
"now",
"now"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "làm sao"
},
{
"word": "gì"
},
{
"word": "cái gì"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whatever / Anything will do.",
"text": "Sao cũng được.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"whatever"
],
"links": [
[
"whatever",
"whatever"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese adverbs",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "không sao"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
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{
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"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢"
},
"expansion": "牢 (MC law)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nAttested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 牢 (MC law) (modern SV: lao), so the older form of the word was *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). Even after the sound change *C-r- > /ʂ/ had taken place sometime before 17th century, the use of the phonogram 牢 (MC law) continued, so this morpheme was still commonly spelled such in Nôm texts in the 19th-early 20th century.\nMost likely a part of the r-series of demonstratives alongside rày, ri, rứa and ru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "哰",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𫳵",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵"
},
"expansion": "sao • (牢, 哰, 𣋀, 𫳵)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is it very bad?",
"text": "Có sao lắm không?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "No problem.",
"text": "Không sao đâu.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"problematic, bad"
],
"links": [
[
"problematic",
"problematic"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by ngôi",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by vì",
"Vietnamese semantic loans from English",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Austronesian languages",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Kra-Dai languages",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Austronesian languages",
"Vietnamese terms derived from English",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Kra-Dai languages",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raːw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raːw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khao"
},
"expansion": "Muong khao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "qfa-tak",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kra-Dai",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "map",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Austronesian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tai-pro",
"2": "*t.naːwᴬ",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-lic-pro",
"2": "*ɾaːw",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*qajaw",
"3": "",
"4": "day"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "en",
"3": "star",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from English star",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-raːw. Cognate with Muong khao. Might represent a Kra-Dai or Austronesian substratum, compare Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”), Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”) and Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”).\nAttested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nIt is a semantic loan from English star, in the senses of “celebrity; actor”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vì",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "ngôi",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "𣇟",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬁖",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖"
},
"expansion": "sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖",
"cls": "vì, ngôi"
},
"expansion": "(classifier vì, ngôi) sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"star (luminous celestial body)"
],
"links": [
[
"star",
"star#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an \"asterisked\" math problem (marked with an asterisk); a difficult math problem",
"text": "toán sao",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"asterisk"
],
"links": [
[
"asterisk",
"asterisk#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "thao"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by ngôi",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by vì",
"Vietnamese semantic loans from English",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Austronesian languages",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Kra-Dai languages",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Austronesian languages",
"Vietnamese terms derived from English",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Kra-Dai languages",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-raːw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-raːw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "khao"
},
"expansion": "Muong khao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "qfa-tak",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kra-Dai",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "map",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Austronesian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tai-pro",
"2": "*t.naːwᴬ",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-lic-pro",
"2": "*ɾaːw",
"3": "",
"4": "star"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*qajaw",
"3": "",
"4": "day"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "en",
"3": "star",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from English star",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-raːw. Cognate with Muong khao. Might represent a Kra-Dai or Austronesian substratum, compare Proto-Tai *t.naːwᴬ (“star”), Proto-Hlai *ɾaːw (“star”) and Proto-Austronesian *qajaw (“day”).\nAttested as ſao in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).\nIt is a semantic loan from English star, in the senses of “celebrity; actor”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ngôi",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "𣇟",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "牢",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𣋀",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𬁖",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖"
},
"expansion": "sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖",
"cls": "ngôi"
},
"expansion": "(classifier ngôi) sao • (𣇟, 牢, 𣋀, 𬁖)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "tinh"
},
{
"word": "chòm sao"
},
{
"word": "dấu sao"
},
{
"word": "sao băng"
},
{
"word": "sao chổi"
},
{
"word": "sao Diêm Vương"
},
{
"word": "sao Hải Vương"
},
{
"word": "sao Hoả"
},
{
"word": "sao Hôm"
},
{
"word": "sao Kim"
},
{
"word": "sao Mai"
},
{
"word": "sao Mộc"
},
{
"word": "sao mới"
},
{
"word": "sao Rua"
},
{
"word": "sao siêu mới"
},
{
"word": "sao Thiên Vương"
},
{
"word": "sao Thổ"
},
{
"word": "sao Thuỷ"
},
{
"word": "sao Tua"
},
{
"word": "sao xẹt"
},
{
"word": "siêu sao"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"star (celebrity)"
],
"links": [
[
"star",
"star#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"star (actor)"
],
"links": [
[
"star",
"star#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern",
"Vietnam"
],
"word": "thao"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "抄"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "抄"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 抄",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 抄.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "sao chép"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to duplicate; to copy"
],
"links": [
[
"duplicate",
"duplicate"
],
[
"copy",
"copy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely used in isolation) to duplicate; to copy"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used in isolation"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "炒"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "炒"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 炒",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 炒.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to dry with heat in a pan"
],
"links": [
[
"dry",
"dry"
],
[
"pan",
"pan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly of medical ingredients) to dry with heat in a pan"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of medical ingredients"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʂaːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[saːw˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-sao.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"West Makian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Makian lemmas",
"West Makian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"West Makian verbs"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mqs-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "masao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"inclusive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "asao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "isao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "isao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fasao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mqs",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sao",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"name": "mqs-conj"
}
],
"lang": "West Makian",
"lang_code": "mqs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"West Makian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to burn"
],
"links": [
[
"burn",
"burn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to burn"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"West Makian transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to roast (over fire)"
],
"links": [
[
"roast",
"roast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to roast (over fire)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈs̪a.o/"
}
],
"word": "sao"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sao meaning in All languages combined (32.2kB)
{
"called_from": "linkages/674",
"msg": "parenthesized number but there is no sense with such index: 1943",
"path": [
"sao"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "sao",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.